Phosphorus-Based Mechanism: TCPP functions as a phosphorus-based flame retardant, releasing phosphoric acid upon heating, which acts to suppress combustion and promote the formation of a protective ｃｈａｒ layer.
Chlorine-Containing Structure: The chlorine atoms in TCPP also help to interrupt the combustion process by releasing hydrochloric acid when exposed to heat, further slowing the spread of flames.
Effective in Flexible and Rigid Polymers: Suitable for both flexible and rigid polymer systems, providing versatile flame retardant performance.
Advantages:
Effective Flame Retardant: TCPP is highly effective at low loading levels, providing excellent flame retardant properties for various materials.
Versatile Application: Works well in a wide range of polymers, including flexible and rigid foams, coatings, and plastics.
Improved Smoke Suppression: Reduces the generation of smoke and toxic gases during combustion, contributing to better fire safety.
Low Toxicity and Low Migration: Compared to other halogenated flame retardants, TCPP has lower toxicity and lower migration rates, making it safer in many applications.
Cost-Effective: TCPP is a relatively cost-effective flame retardant, suitable for a broad range of applications without significantly affecting the properties of the base material.
Applications:
Polyurethane Foams: Commonly used in flexible and rigid foams for furniture, automotive seating, and insulation.
Textiles: Applied to fabrics for flame resistance in upholstery, carpets, and protective clothing.
Electrical & Electronics: Provides flame retardancy in electrical insulation materials, wires, and cables.
Building Materials: Used in coatings, sealants, and construction materials to enhance fire resistance.
Automotive: Added to automotive interior materials, including seat cushions and headliners, for better fire safety.
Processing Considerations:
Compatibility: TCPP can be used with a variety of polymers, including polyurethanes, polystyrene, and polyesters. It is also compatible with other flame retardants for synergistic effects.
Loading Levels: Typically used in concentrations ranging from 5–20%, depending on the desired flame retardant properties and the application material.
Processing Temperature: TCPP can be processed at temperatures typically used in polymer manufacturing (around 200–250°C), but excessive heat should be avoided to maintain its effectiveness.
Handling & Safety: While TCPP is less toxic compared to many halogenated flame retardants, proper safety precautions should be followed when handling to avoid exposure to fumes or skin contact.
