Molecular Weight: Varies based on polymerization degree
CAS Number: 68333-79-9
Appearance: White to off-white granular or powder form
Flame Retardant Type: Inorganic, phosphorus-based
Key Flame Retardant Properties:
Phosphorus-Based Mechanism: APP releases phosphoric acid and ammonia when exposed to heat, which acts to suppress combustion and promote ｃｈａｒ formation.
Endothermic Decomposition: Absorbs heat during decomposition, helping to cool the material and slow down combustion.
Promotes ｃｈａｒ Layer Formation: Forms a stable, insulating ｃｈａｒ layer that acts as a protective barrier to flames, slowing down the spread of fire.
Synergistic Effect: Often used in combination with other flame retardants or additives (e.g., melamine) to improve performance.
Advantages:
Halogen-Free & Eco-Friendly: Ammonium polyphosphate is a halogen-free, non-toxic solution, making it safe for both humans and the environment.
Improved Flame Retardancy: High efficiency even at low loadings, providing excellent flame retardant properties in various materials.
Low Smoke & Toxic Gas Emission: Reduces the release of toxic gases and smoke during combustion.
Thermal Stability: Suitable for use in a wide range of materials with moderate to high processing temperatures.
Applications:
Plastics & Polymers: Widely used in polyamides (PA), polyesters (PET, PBT), polyolefins (PP, PE), and engineering plastics like polycarbonate (PC).
Textiles & Fabrics: Used in flame-retardant textiles and fabrics for protective clothing, industrial fabrics, and upholstery.
Construction Materials: Flame retardant in building materials like insulation boards, coatings, adhesives, and sealants.
Electrical & Electronics: Provides flame resistance to wires, cables, circuit boards, and various electronic components.
Rubber & Elastomers: Enhances flame retardancy in rubber compounds, especially for automotive and industrial applications.
Processing Considerations:
Particle Size & Dispersion: Fine particles improve dispersion in polymers, and surface-treated APP can enhance compatibility with various substrates.
Loading Levels: Typically used at concentrations of 5–25%, depending on the desired level of flame retardancy and the application material.
Compatibility: Works well with other flame retardants, including melamine, for synergistic effects.
Thermal Decomposition: Decomposes at higher temperatures (above 250°C), making it suitable for polymers processed at moderate to high temperatures.
